Thumb rules are quick and approximate methods used by civil engineers for estimating material quantities, strength, and reinforcement in construction projects. While they may not provide exact results, they are handy for making quick decisions on-site. Let's explore some common thumb rules:
1. **Excavation Quantity**:
- Excavation Quantity = 3 × Footing Concrete Quantity
- Example: If the footing size is 2 m × 1 m with a depth of 3 m, the concrete quantity is 6 m³. Therefore, excavation quantity = 3 × 6 = 18 m³¹.
2. **Concrete Volume**:
- Concrete volume required = 0.038 m³ per square foot of plan area.
- Example: For a house with a floor plan of 40 ft × 20 ft (800 sqft), the total concrete quantity required is 30.4 m³¹.
3. **Steel Quantity**:
- Residential buildings: 4.5 to 4.75 kg/sqft.
- Commercial buildings: 5 to 5.50 kg/sqft or 80 to 150 kg/m³.
- Tall mass heavy structures: 6 to 8 kg/sqft.
- Note that these estimates are approximate; for more accurate results, consider detailed calculations².
(1) 50 Construction Thumb Rules used by Civil Engineers.
https://www.myengineeringsupport.com/construction-thumb-rules/.
(2) Thumb rules guidelines for Civil Engineers & Quantity Surveyors. https://naveedhussaintaj.com/thumb-rules-guidelines-for-civil-engineers-quantity-surveyors/.
(3) Civil Engineering Thumb Rules In Building Construction. https://resources.caih.jhu.edu/textbooks//pdf?docid&PxH:0659=civil-engineering-thumb-rules-in-building-construction.html.
(4) Thumb Rules For Civil Engineering - Civiconcepts. https://civiconcepts.com/blog/thumb-rules-for-civil-engineering.
(5) undefined. https://myengineeringsupport.com/web-stories/thumb-rule-for-column-2/.
(6) undefined. https://myengineeringsupport.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-20180512_123028-rotated-1-640.
free hd movie download Do you want to watch HD movies for free? Then here are the top 10 websites you can use to download and watch movies for free. These best sites to download full HD movies are also free, and all you need is a decent internet speed. MyDownloadTube. 123Movies. FMovies. Flixster. 1337X. FZ Movies. SaveFrom. PopcornFlix. The act of downloading or distributing copyrighted material without the appropriate licenses or permissions is a violation of copyright laws. People also ask Is it illegal to download a movie for free? It is illegal to download any music or movies that are copyrighted. Downloading or file-sharing a copyrighted song or movie could expose you to a lawsuit for money damages that could cost you hundreds or even thousands of dollars. Here are some of the latest Hindi movies released in India ¹ ²: - *Aadesh*: Released on July 26, 2024, starring Irfan Sheikh, Trishakar Madhu, Jannat Khan and Ajay Mishra. - *Uparwala & Sons*: Released ...
Comments
Post a Comment